February 26, 1995
HISTORY, MEANING & FUTURE
OF THE NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY
How and under what circumstances did the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), the international treaty against the proliferation of nuclear weapons, originate? What are the strong and weak points of this treaty? How can the contradictory elements of the NPT be understood? What impact do the recent changes in the international situation have on the future of the non-proliferation regime?
Introductions:
Piet de Klerk, Netherlands
Notes on History and Meaning of the NPT
Matthias Küntzel, Germany
Germany and the Origin and History of the NPT
Bharat Bhushan, India
The NPT: A Southern Perspective
Chairs:
Klarissa Nienhuys, Netherlands, and Gerard Aupers, Netherlands
March 25, 1995
NUCLEAR ENERGY, DEVELOPMENT & PROLIFERATION
What is the connection between civil and military nuclear technology? Why does the NPT have as its principle objective to stop the proliferation of military nuclear technology and at the same time stimulate the proliferation of civil nuclear technology? Is the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) able to guarantee that civil nuclear technology will not be used for military purposes? Is nuclear energy necessary to fulfil the development needs of the South and does it offer a solution to major environmental problems like global warming? What are the possible alternatives to nuclear energy?
Introductions:
Roland Kollert, Germany
The NPT and the Issue of Latent Proliferation
Shaun Burnie, United Kingdom
The IAEA and the NPT Safeguards Regime: An Impossible Task
Hok An, Indonesia
Nuclear Energy, Environment and Development: The Case of Indonesia
Chairs:
Klarissa Nienhuys, Netherlands, and Gerard Aupers, Netherlands
April 22, 1995
NUCLEAR ARMAMENT & INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS
How has horizontal proliferation developed since the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) came into force in 1970? How successful has the US non-proliferation policy been? Is the Counter Proliferation concept, launched by the Clinton administration in 1993, a new US strategy or just a new legitimation of existing arms programs? Does Counter Proliferation strengthen or weaken the NPT? What role does nuclear armament play today in regional conflicts such as the Middle East conflict? Does the threat of nuclear war still exist after the end of the Cold War? What can citizens, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and social movements do against this threat and against nuclear weapons proliferation?
Introductions:
Bart van der Sijde, Netherlands
Horizontal Proliferation and the US Non-Proliferation Policy
Gerard Berkhof, Netherlands
Counter Proliferation: A New US Strategy or Old Wine in New Bottles?
Frank Barnaby, United Kingdom
Israel, the Bomb, and Peace in the Middle East
Chair:
John Grin, Netherlands
May 20, 1995
EUROPEAN UNIFICATION & NUCLEAR ARMAMENT
Will European integration, in the end, lead to an integrated European nuclear force? Would this be in contradiction with the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)? What role does Germany play in this context? What do the political and military elites in France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, the United States, and other countries think about this European option? What would be the consequences of such a new nuclear force for East-West and North-South relations and for the international non-proliferation regime? What role could and should Europe play to stop nuclear weapon proliferation?
Introductions:
Wolfgang Liebert, Germany
Perspectives after the 1995 NPT Extension Conference
Matthias Küntzel, Germany
Germany, the NPT, and the European Option
Martin Butcher, United Kingdom
Will the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the European Union lead to a Eurobomb?
The European Option: Questions and Objections
Roundtable discussion with Ben Cramer (France), Peter Weiss (USA), Huub Jaspers (Netherlands), Matthias Küntzel (Germany)
Chair:
Dan Smith, United Kingdom
June 10, 1995
THE 1995 NPT REVIEW AND EXTENSION CONFERENCE
What was the outcome of the NPT Review and Extension Conference held in April and May of 1995 in New York? What role will the conference play in the future of the international non-proliferation regime and of North-South relations? What can be expected from the negotiations for a Comprehensive (Nuclear) Test Ban Treaty, and from those for an international prohibition on the production of weapons-usable fissile materials? What steps can be taken to achieve far-reaching nuclear disarmament? What lessons can be learned from the initiatives and campaigns thus far for a Nuclear-Free World?
Introductions:
Edith Ballantyne, Czechoslovakia
Course and Results of the 1995 NPT Conference in New York
Jürgen Scheffran, Germany
Nuclear Disarmament after the NPT Extension and the Role of NGOs
Shaun Burnie, United Kingdom
Campaigning for a Nuclear-Free World: Lessons for the Future
Chairs:
Klarissa Nienhuys, Netherlands, and Gerard Aupers, Netherlands
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